Em 1934 o voto obrigatório começou pra valer no Brasil (surgiu em 32). Uma forma torta de validar a democracia. Como se aplica a qualquer regime, mesmo os militares o mantiveram, com orgulho, em sua época. Ano que vem festejaremos (?) o aniversário de 76 anos que entramos nessa estrada. É hora de mudar.
Existem argumentos muito bons em defesa do voto obrigatório em um país como o Brasil. Aqui, no Boa Política, apoiamos o contraditório. Indicamos Voto obrigatório e eqüidade um estudo de caso, ainda do distante ano de 1999 (mas, ainda assim, atual), da Professora Luzia Helena Herrmann de Oliveira.
No fim do mês passado, em Brasília, em um debate chamado Democracia: Voto Obrigatório ou Voto Facultativo, apenas a jornalista Dora Kramer se manifestou pelo voto facultativo. Alexandre Garcia, José Geraldo de Souza Júnior (Reitor UnB), Roberto Monteiro Gurgel Santos (Procurador-Geral da República) e Aristides Junqueira Alvarenga (procurador) apoiaram o voto obrigatório acompanhado de uma política de educação cívica direcionada aos eleitores (aqui vale uma nota: se não conseguimos sequer educar, a quem queremos enganar que vamos educar civicamente?)
Agora os principais argumentos que nos fazem apoiar o fim imediato do voto obrigatório!
- O primeiro e mais importante: o voto obrigatório nos trouxe até aqui. Isso, por si só, já é mais do que motivo para mudarmos;
- Um eleitor livre tem que ser motivado a comparecer às urnas com argumentos de verdade. Belos cenários, músicas-chiclete e números fáceis de decorar não mais adiantarão!;
- Ninguém deveria ser obrigado a exercer um direito. Muito menos ser punido por isso;
- Com o desarme do circo que obriga 130 milhões de pessoas (a ampla maioria desinformada, infelizmente) a se locomoverem pelo país, as pessoas tendem a se engajar mais no debate político e criar debates sobre os assuntos políticos que impactam o seu dia a dia. Assim, pessoas que se informaram e que querem proteger algum dos seus pontos de vista sobre o que é melhor para si ou para todos sairão de casa e farão realmente a diferença.
Já indicamos um bom texto a favor do voto obrigatório. Aqui segue um excelente texto contra: O Voto Obrigatório, de Jean-Philip Albert Struck.
Esse assunto não pode acabar por aqui. Essa medida sozinha não resolve. Em vários países do mundo, vereadores de cidades com menos de 100, 200 mil habitantes não recebem remuneração. É a comunidade engajada cuidando do seu destino. Mas isso fica para um próximo post.
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